Understanding scientific papers

A short guide to evidence

Checking the facts Throughout this website I have tried to be as rigorous as any scientist might be in writing a clinical paper. You will find major assertions, as well as facts and figures justified by reference to reliable texts. Statistics are the language by which scientific information is communicated. Statistics help us distinguish between …

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Normal or Gaussian distribution, 95% confidence interval

A short guide to statistics

Why bother? When it comes to statistics, scientists need to define their terms very accurately. There are two terms that we see again and again in reports and studies. Those words are average and risk. Just being able to understand what mathematicians mean when they refer to these two terms, will give you a far …

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